1280 X 960 GIF Values table Grayscale print Tutorial back Symbol key, Tutorial next Color print 1280 X 960 GIF B & W print [Ke] = 1/[Atomic unit of permittivity] = 1/{[4Pi][k]} , with units of [Meters/Farad] , and [k] = electric constant, formerly called permittivity of the vacuum, with units of [Farad/Meter] . As an alternative view to GJN017 below, the picture immediately above, GJN163, allows the portrayal of vectors into the fourth dimension, as in the top graphic above. To travel one wedge of displacement toward the background (into or behind the plane where the 3D vector space is depicted) is to multiply by a factor of [Meters/Farad]^[1/2] , when speaking conceptually and only in terms of units, or it is to multiply by the quantity [Ke]^[1/2] , when speaking both numerically and in terms of units. Represented by a single wedge expanding toward the viewer, change of position toward the foreground and out of the depiction plane represents division by that factor. Multiply in or divide out by [Ke] for each two wedges of dispacement in the fourth dimension of the abstract space: In the top graphic, start at {[Q0]^2} , the plot point in the 4D space for [the atomic unit of charge]^2 , multiply by [Ke] , and arrive at the plot point, back within the 2D depiction plane at location *10* , the plot point for the product {[hB][v0]} with [hB] as atomic unit of action and [v0] as atomic unit of velocity: {[hB][v0]} = {[Q0]^2}[Ke] = {[Q0]^2}/{[4Pi][k]} , start at [QD0], the plot point extended into 4D space representing the atomic unit of charge density, displace one wedge toward behind the depiction plane, mutiplying by {[Ke]^.5} and arrive at location *15* back within the plane: {[Ke]^.5}[QD0] = {[Me]^.5}{[a0]^-1.5}[2af] , with [Me] as atomic unit of mass, [a0] as atomic unit of length, and [2af] as the atomic unit of frequency. Color print 1280 X 960 GIF B & W print